Australia: Updates to Skilled Occupation List

Australia’s Department of Immigration and Citizenship announced that, as of July 1, 2011, thirteen occupations (e.g., medical physicist, barrister, retail pharmacist) will be added to its Skilled Occupation List, while four will be removed (optometrist, orthoptist, panel beater, and vehicle painter). The amended list is the result of independent expert advice that identified specialized occupations of high value to Australia. The updated list will apply to new independent or unsponsored skilled migration applications submitted on or after July 1, 2011, subject to certain exceptions concerning transitional arrangements.

Australia: Largest Source of Immigrants Shifts to China

The BBC reports that the number of immigrants to Australia from China has surpassed those from New Zealand and the United Kingdom, thereby making China the country’s main source of immigrants. In the four months prior to October 2009, 6,350 Chinese nationals came to Australia. While emigration from China to Australia rose by 15% over the same period last year, it decreased from the UK and New Zealand by 28% and 47%, respectively. Emigration from the UK and New Zealand is largely employment-driven, whereas Chinese emigration is primarily to reunite families.


 

Australia: Employers of Foreign Workers on Subclass 457 Visas Must Pay Market Wages

Australia has amended the requirements for its subclass 457 visa (Temporary Business – Long Stay) for the stated purpose of preventing exploitation of foreign workers and ensuring that they are not brought in to undercut national wages. Subclass 457 visas are the most commonly used visa for sponsoring foreign workers in Australia. The visas can be valid for a period between three months and four years.

Under the amended rules, employers sponsoring foreign employees on subclass 457 visas are required to pay the market rate for the position. Employers currently paying below the market salary rate to existing subclass 457 visa holders will have until January 1, 2010 to commence paying market rates.

Where an Australian national occupies a similar position, a foreign worker’s rate will be based on that employee’s salary, benefits, etc. Where no equivalent Australian employee exists, employers must review outside collective agreements, salaries, etc. to establish the market rate.

In addition, if an employee’s salary is $180,000 AUD ($155,275 USD) or more, the employer will be exempt from the market rate requirement. Also, subclass 457 visas will not be issued for positions with salaries below $45,220 AUD ($39,008 USD).

Previous significant changes to the 457 visa were made in April; specifically:

  • An increased English language requirement for trade occupations and chefs;
  • The introduction of formal skills assessments for all trade occupation applicants from countries that are not considered low-risk;
  • A requirement that employers attest to a strong record of, and commitment to, employing local labor and non-discriminatory employment practices;
  • The development of formal training benchmarks for sponsors; and
  • A requirement that labor agreements be in place for ASCO (Australian Standard Classification of Occupations) five to seven occupations.

Australia: Government Looks to Indian Professionals to Fill Employment Gaps

As reported by The Economic Times, due to an aging workforce and gaps in its IT, engineering, and medical sectors, Australia is encouraging skilled Indian professionals to apply for permanent residency. Indian nationals already comprise the second largest immigrant population in Australia, and currently the country’s medical system relies considerably on Indian healthcare professionals.

Although Australia recently decreased the number of available visas to skilled workers because of the economic downturn, this move is seen as temporary and numbers are expected to increase once the economy recovers. Australian officials note that even at lower numbers it is still running one of its biggest skilled migration programs in years.

Australia is also cracking down on scholastic institutions, particularly vocational schools, that do not provide adequate skills and language training to Indian students. Because a skills test will be required next year in addition to the English language test, the aim is to ensure that international students receive quality schooling that eventually will allow them to apply for permanent residency.

Australia: Foreign Students from India in Highest Risk Group for Visa Violations

A review conducted by Australia’s Department of Immigration and Citizenship regarding the student visa program found that Indian students breached their visa conditions at a rate three times higher than the average breach rate. As reported by The Australian, the review ranked Indian students alongside Bangladeshis and Cambodians as a level-four risk, which is the second highest risk category (no country currently ranks at the highest risk category).

As a result of these findings, rules for Indian students have been tightened: Indian students now must prove they have enough money to support themselves for the duration of their studies and must pass stricter English language tests. Critics of the tightened standards argue that they fail to distinguish between university students and vocational training students (who account for almost 80% of all Indian students in Australia).
 

Australia: Visa Application Fees Increasing by 20% on July 1

The Australian government’s 2009-10 budget  includes a 20% increase in application charges for a number of visa categories, effective July 1, 2009. This measure will increase revenue by $400 million (Australian) over four years and is intended to help offset the costs associated with operating the migration and temporary entrant program.

A list of visa application charges is available on the Department of Immigration and Citizenship website.

Australia: Changes to Subclass 457 Employer Sponsorship Program

The Australia Government’s Department of Immigration and Citizenship has announced changes to its Subclass 457 employer sponsorship program. Effective May 15, 2009, Australian Standard Classification of Occupations (ASCO) major groups 5 to 7 no longer can be nominated under the Subclass 457 Standard Business Sponsorship (SBS) arrangements. If an employer is interested in employing a temporary overseas worker in ASCO groups 5 to 7, the employer may seek to enter into a labor agreement. Further details about the changes are available on the department’s webpage entitled “Frequently Asked Questions about changes to Subclass 457 program – Change to pathways for ASCO 5-7 Occupations.”

Australia: Same-Sex Partners Applying for Visas Will Receive Same Entitlements as Opposite-Sex Partners

The Australian government has enacted amendments that will increase the range of visas and citizenship provisions available to same-sex couples. Amendments to the Immigration (Education) Act 1971, Migration Regulations 1994 and Migration Act 1958 will take effect on July 1, 2009. Key changes to migration legislation include:

  • a new definition of spouse, applying to opposite-sex married couples;
  • a definition of de facto partner, applying to both same-sex and opposite-sex de facto couples;
  • new definitions of parent and child which will include recognition of certain parent-child relationships via artificial conception procedures and surrogacy arrangements;
  • a new definition of member of the family unit, recognizing de facto partners (same and opposite-sex) as family members;
  • a simplified and more equitable visa framework. All visas that currently include provisions for spouse will be available to opposite-sex and same-sex de facto partners alike.

Further details about the changes are available on the Department of Immigration and Citizenship (DIAC) website.

United Kingdom: UK Border Agency Plans to Exchange Fingerprint Data with the US, Canada and Australia

As reported at KableNET.com, the UK Border Agency plans to work with the United States, Canada and Australia to “introduce a system of appropriate data protection arrangements for fingerprint checks and data sharing.” This system, which is intended to help identify and bar foreign criminals from entering the UK, is one of the programs discussed in the agency’s business plan  issued on April 1.

Other highlights of the business plan include:

  • As of December 2008, the agency had enrolled more than 3.6 million sets of fingerprints from visa applicants, finding more than 5,200 cases of identity swaps.
  • By December 2009, the agency will open its National Border Targeting Centre, checking 60% of all international passenger movements (with the goal of checking 95% of movements by the end of 2010).
  • By 2011, all new applicants coming to the UK for more than six months, or extending their stay, will need to have a biometric identity card.
     

Australia: New Health Requirements for Temporary Visa Applicants

Effective March 28, application forms for any temporary Australian visa must meet new health requirements, the Australian Visa Bureau reports. The working holiday visa and the holiday visa are affected by these changes. Changes to the health requirements include:

  • revised “country risk levels” for tuberculosis;
  • changes to “classroom requirements” for applicants seeking to work in the education industry; and
  • tests for applicants seeking to study as a dentist, nurse or doctor.

The revised health requirements and the revised health procedures advice manual are available on the Department of Immigration and Citizenship website.

 

Australia: Changes to Occupations Eligible for South Australian Sponsored Visa Programs

Due to planning levels being achieved, some occupations have been removed from the Permanent Sponsorship and Provisional Sponsorship lists of the South Australian sponsored visa program, the Australian Visa Bureau reports. One occupation (hairdresser) was removed from the Permanent Sponsorship list, and several occupations (including construction project manager, statistician, health information manager, social professional, hairdresser and various scientist positions) were removed from the Provisional Sponsorship list. These amendments follow the Australian federal government’s recent changes to the General Skilled Migration Program, which reduced the number of occupations listed on the Critical Skills List.

United Kingdom: MP Calls for Immigration Limits

Conservative Party MP Damian Green said Britain should adopt Australian-style limits on immigration in light of the global financial crisis. Green made his comments simultaneously with the release of data showing UK unemployment had risen above two million for the first time since 1997, and following an announcement by the Australian government that it would reduce its skilled migrant program by nearly 20,000 to 115,000 this financial year in an effort to protect local jobs in the tough economic climate.

In support of his position, Green also stated that one in seven children in British primary schools does not speak English as a first language. Responses to Parliamentary questions reflected that in 2004, 452,388 primary school children spoke English as a second language, and that in 2008 that figure had increased by 113,500, a rise of almost 25 percent. UK communities secretary Hazel Blears is expected to announce that anyone from outside the European Union applying for a student or work visa will have to pay a migrant tax, which will go to local authorities to assist with the impact of immigration on their schools, doctors' surgeries and other public services.
 

Australia: Skilled Migrant Visas Will Be Cut 14 Percent

The Australian government is cutting the number of skilled migrant visas it will issue by 18,500, the first reduction in 10 years. According to Immigration Minister Chris Evans, there is mounting pressure to protect jobs made scarce by the global financial crisis. The Australian statistics bureau expects the unemployment rate to reach 7 percent in the year ending June 30, 2010. Evans has also indicated that the government will cut some trades from the list of needed overseas workers.

Australia: Government Likely to Announce Significant Cuts to Immigration Intake

As reported in the Herald Sun, Immigration Minister Chris Evans stated that the global economic crisis is greatly reducing Australia’s need to import foreign workers. Less than 12 months ago Australia was struggling with a skills shortage, but now the country’s unemployment rate is on track to hit 7 % in 2010. A final decision on the 2008-09 immigration intake will be made by Cabinet ahead of the May Budget.

Australia: Government Releases Draft Employer Obligations for Overseas Workers

Australia’s government has released draft regulations outlining new sponsorship obligations for employers of temporary skilled overseas workers who hold Subclass 457 visas. The Subclass 457 visa program is an uncapped scheme driven by market demand for employers to sponsor skilled overseas workers for up to four years.

A panel of industry, union and state government representatives will be assessing the proposed new regulations and will provide feedback to government. Proposed employer obligations to be considered by the panel include:

  • Payment of a minimum salary to Subclass 457 visa holders;
  • Payment of return travel costs for visa holders and their spouses; and
  • Cooperating with inspectors exercising powers under the Worker Protection Act.
     

Australia: Debate on Intake of Skilled Migrants in Period of Rising Jobless Rate

While analysts still see strong economic reason to continue the inward flow of workers to Australia, the government is rethinking its policies regarding skilled migrants as the nation’s jobless rates rises. As reported in The International Herald Tribune, Australia’s Labor government has said that it would review its migrant intake, and the immigration minister, Chris Evans, has said that cuts would be modest at first but will continue to take into account any changes in public opinion.

The global economic downturn could be a rare opening for Australian businesses to attract top talent and fix skill shortages that have been a longstanding national issue. Stephen Roberts, an economist at Nomura, commented:

There's going to be an extraordinary pool of experienced people looking for work and a real chance for Australia to fill gaps in sectors like health and engineering, which are crying out for them.
 

Australia: Online Visa Verification System Now Available

Australia’s Department of Immigration and Citizenship (DIAC) has replaced the visa labeling system with an online verification system, which is accessible by visa holders as well as by employers and other organizations. The Visa Entitlement Verification Online (VEVO) service allows Australian visa holders to check, free of charge, the status of their visas online. Due to the new system, DIAC will no longer issue paper labels for passports for Australian visa holders, and additional information regarding each visa (such as visa conditions) can be provided online and in a secure environment.

Australia and Vietnam Sign Memorandum of Understanding on Information Sharing

Vietnamese information service Quan Doi Nhan Dan reported on the January 2009 visit to Vietnam by Australia’s Minister for Immigration and Citizenship, noting that the visit and the signing of the MoU signal stronger cooperation between Australia and Vietnam on immigration issues. This was the first visit to Vietnam by an Australian immigration minister since 2004.

Australia: Victoria Announces Major Changes to the List of Occupations Eligible for State Sponsorship under the Class 176 Visa

Under Australia’s 176 visa scheme, migrants seeking permanent residence and who are unable to pass the immigration points test for independent migration are sponsored either by an eligible family member or by the government of an Australian state or territory. States sponsor the residence application of a migrant, in exchange for a commitment to live in the state for at least the first two years after migrating to Australia. Each state keeps a list of occupations deemed eligible for sponsorship.

Victoria has announced significant changes to its eligibility list  for the 176 visa, effective from January 12, 2009. This action reflects the changing labor market in Victoria, Australia’s second-most populous state. Off the list are many traditional occupations such as teachers, accountants, and several trades. Occupations new to the list include various engineering jobs, geologists, dental technicians, and social workers.