United Kingdom: Border Agency Updates Occupation Codes of Practice for Sponsored Skilled Workers

The UK Border Agency has announced its annual update to the occupation codes of practice for sponsored skilled workers, with an effective date of March 1, 2011. To sponsor a migrant worker from outside Europe under Tier 2 or Tier 5 of the points-based immigration system, employers must use the codes of practice to: (1) check the skill level and appropriate pay for the job; and (2) determine where in the United Kingdom the job must be advertised before it can be offered to a migrant worker. Employers also must consult the latest version of the codes of practice before issuing a certificate of sponsorship.

Senators Menendez and Leahy Introduce Comprehensive Immigration Reform Bill

On September 29, 2010, Senators Robert Menendez (D–NJ) and Patrick Leahy (D–VT) introduced “The Comprehensive Immigration Reform Act of 2010” (S. 3932). According to Senator Menendez, the bill “addresses long-standing, wide-ranging flaws in the immigration system that have been priorities of groups on each side of the immigration reform debate.” The bill was introduced shortly before Congress adjourned for its mid-term election recess. As reported by The Hill, Senator Menendez defended his timing for introducing the bill by stating that it could lead to possible “lame-duck movement” on the legislation, and in the longer term it serves as an "invitation to bring Republican colleagues to discussion" on immigration reform.

S.3932 addresses six major immigration topics, highlights of which include:

  • Border Enforcement
    • Establishes border enforcement “triggers” that must be met before unauthorized immigrants can apply for permanent residency.
    • Requires the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to review assets and staffing needed for border security and enforcement, and funds improvements and hiring in accordance with this review.
    • Clarifies that the power to regulate immigration rests with the federal government, not states and local authorities, and that the latter have no “inherent authority” to enforce federal immigration laws (outside of 287(g) agreements).
  • Interior Enforcement
    • Requires DHS to track noncitizens’ departures to ensure they do not overstay their visas.
    • Expands penalties for passport, visa and immigration fraud.
    • Denies “visa waiver” privileges to countries whose citizens attempt to overstay visas.
  • Worksite Enforcement
    • Requires that all employers adopt an employment verification system within five years.
    • Creates a new fraud- and tamper-resistant Social Security card.
    • Requires workers to use fraud- and tamper-resistant documents to verify work authorization.
  • Reforming the Legal Immigration System
    • Creates the structure for a new nonimmigrant visa program (H‐2C) to address shortcomings in existing worker programs that have led to undocumented migration.
    • Expands labor protections in current H-2A, H-2B, H-1B and L-1 visa programs.
    • Incorporates the AgJOBS bill, which provides a path to permanent residency for farm workers and revises agricultural employer sponsorship requirements.
  • Legalization of Undocumented Individuals
    • Creates Lawful Prospective Immigrant (LPI) status for non-criminal undocumented immigrants living in the United States since September 30, 2010. LPI applicants must, among other requirements, submit biometric and biographical data, undergo security and law enforcement checks, and pay a fine.
    • Incorporates the DREAM Act, which creates a path to legal status for individuals brought illegally to the United States as children, provided they meet certain criteria and enroll in college or the U.S. military.
  • Immigration Integration and Other Reforms
    • Enhances programs and policies to help immigrants learn U.S. civics and the English language.
    • Provides humanitarian visas for Haitian children orphaned by the 2010 earthquake.
    • Requires the State Department to develop a strategy to reduce migration pressures.

United Kingdom: Interim Limit Takes Effect for Tier 2 (General) Certificates of Sponsorship

Flag of the United Kingdom: Union JackAs of July 19, 2010, rules for the United Kingdom’s Points Based System have changed (pdf), permitting the Secretary of State to limit the number of Certificates of Sponsorship (CoS) assigned to sponsors, and to limit the number of CoS assigned to specific sponsors in any one period. The UK Border Agency (UKBA) released updated guidance on Tier 2 (General) sponsorship (pdf), which outlines the changes. UKBA will send each sponsor a letter detailing their individual CoS allocation for the interim period, which runs from July 19, 2010, to March 31, 2011.

Some sponsors will be given a “zero allocation” for the period, limiting their sponsorship to existing employed migrants, and preventing sponsorship of new employees unless the sponsor applies for “exceptional consideration,” which might result in additional CoS being issued. Moreover, sponsors that are downgraded to a B-rating will automatically have their allocation set to zero “until they demonstrate their commitment to make improvements by signing up to (and paying fees associated with) a sponsorship action plan.” 

United Kingdom: UK Border Agency Provides New Advice on Sponsor Takeovers

The UK Border Agency has issued new advice to employers regarding the impact of company takeovers and restructurings on sponsor licenses and migrant workers.

Scenarios discussed in the advice include:

  • takeovers of an entire sponsor organization by another organization;
  • partial takeovers of a sponsor organization by another organization; and
  • the splitting away of part of a sponsor organization to form a new organization.

USCIS Conducting "Surprise" Work Site Visits to Tackle H-1B Visa Fraud

As reported by NetworkWorld, the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) has expanded its Administrative Site Visit and Verification Program to address fraud and abuses of H-1B and L-1 Visa programs by conducting unannounced work site inspections of companies that sponsor H-1B and L-1 Visa holders. Its Office of Fraud Detection and National Security estimates that 21% of H-1B visa petitions violate program rules. The shift comes as the Visa Reform Act - proposed federal legislation that will increase restrictions on and oversight of the issuance of non-immigrant professional visas – remains in congressional committee and employers examine visa alternatives should the legislation pass.

During “surprise visits,” USCIS assessors attempt to confirm the identities of a petitioning employer and visa recipient to verify that both have complied with the visa’s terms and conditions. Unlike the U.S. Department of Labor which has the statutory authority to investigate employer compliance with visa obligations, USCIS has no regulatory or statutory authority to enter workplaces of H-1B or L-1 Visa holders. USCIS officials have confirmed that complying with the investigation is voluntary. Previously only religious organizations were subject to mandatory inspections and reviews, however presently any non-immigrant petition might be subject to a workplace audit after approval and prior to any potential adjudication.

Investigators will request to interview the petitioner, review documents that support the visa application, and enter the workplace to visually confirm the recipient’s employment conforms to H-1B terms and conditions. Employers are not obligated to submit to disruptive or unreasonable requests for access to company employees or company property, but it is advisable that companies sponsoring foreign professionals prepare for potential visits by doing the following:

  • Prepare Audits in Advance
    • Identify who will provide records and what documents the company is willing to share with inspectors.
  • Have an H-1B Package which Includes:
    • Documentation showing that the recipient is receiving the prevailing wage for the occupation in the metropolitan area.
    • Documentation demonstrating how the employer determined the prevailing wage and that the recipient’s salary exceeds both that market wage and the actual wage it pays to other employees in similar roles.
    • A memo describing the factors (experience, qualifications, education, job responsibilities) considered to determine the wage.
    • Demonstrate that a posting for the recipient’s position, including salary and requirements, was publicly listed in two locations for 10 days.
    • Show that the company maintains a public access file that can be viewed by members of the public at any time with all relevant information to the visa.
  • Maintain Additional Information
    • Payroll records, data used to establish the position’s wage, copies of documents provided concerning employee benefits
  • Ensure Visa Petitions are Up-to-Date
    • If a visa employee’s wages or work location changes, an amended visa petition must be filed.